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JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 24, 2014.y., pp. 57-68


HOW TO CREATE A BUILDING TYPOLOGY?
TYPOLOGICAL MATRIX FOR MAPPING 19TH CENTURY SYNAGOGUES
 
DOI: 10.14415/zbornikGFS24.005
UDC: 726.3(4-191.2)"17/18"
CC-BY-SA 4.0 license
Author : Klein, Rudolf
 
 Summary:
 Based on a research that comprised 500 synagogues, this paper is the first attempt to create a comprehensive building typology of synagogue architecture. This typology is the first that takes into consideration interior arrangement (plan and section), architectural language of the interior, bearing structure, architectural language (decoration) of the exterior, exterior mass composition, size and urban context – the relationship of the synagogue building towards the neighbouring buildings and towards the urban context in general. This typology has been developed on Ashkenazi synagogues of 19th century Habsburg Empire, but it can be applied to other building types and other territories in the 18th and 19th centuries, up to the onset of modernism in the 1920s and 1930s. The methodology if this research maybe applied particularly well for Orthodox and Protestant churches in Vojvodina, where the state religion has been Catholicism and confessional minorities faced some restrictions. These restrictions and the common architectural context make their religious buildings in typological sense similar.
 
 Keywords:
 Building typology, 19th century architecture, Ashkenazi synagogues, Habsburg Empire